DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

This field combines the genetics of embryonic stem cell differentiation, metamorphosis, and regeneration. Developmental biology and regenerative medicine both heavily rely on molecular knowledge of signaling pathways involved in cell growth and differentiation. For instance, the cell mass that develops during gastrulation is transformed into the three germ layers of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm during embryogenesis. Sets of transcription factors and other molecules regulate the differential expression of genes in these germ layers to affect cell differentiation. These transcription factors include the Paired box gene family (PAX). Early mammalian development and tissue differentiation depend on PAX proteins.

BioCapTM PAX1 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-1

Gene

PAX1

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

534

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

The functions of transcription factors in disease and embryonic development are numerous. Several investigations have revealed that the paired-box transcription factor PAX1 functions as a crucial player in a variety of tissues during embryonic development. An activator of transcription is this enzyme. It might contribute to the embryo’s development of divided structures, and possibly has a significant impact on the vertebral column’s normal growth. 

BioCapTM PAX2 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-2

Gene

PAX2

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

417

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

The human paired box 2 (PAX2) protein, a member of the paired box (PAX) family, is encoded by the PAX2 mRNA. The differentiation of renal cells as well as the growth of the CNS, urogenital system, and eyes may be influenced by PAX2.

Specifications: mRNA is synthesized on a plasmid DNA template with a verified error-free sequence, and modified nucleotides substitute UTP in every instance. After RNA production with DNase, 5-Methoxy-UTP degrades the DNA template and incorporates poly-A tails.

BioCapTM PAX3 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-3

Gene

PAX3

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

479

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

This gene belongs to the family of transcription factors known as paired box (PAX). Both a paired-type homeodomain and a paired-box domain are frequently found in members of the PAX family. These genes are essential for the growth of the fetus. Waardenburg syndrome, craniofacial-deafness-hand syndrome, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma are all linked to mutations in the paired box gene 3.  

BioCapTM PAX4 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-4

Gene

PAX4

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

350

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

Paired Box 4 (PAX4) is a gene that codes for proteins. Maturity-Onset Diabetes Of The Young, Type 9, and Diabetes Mellitus, Ketosis-Prone are two conditions linked to PAX4. Lineage-specific Markers and Embryonic and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells are two of its associated pathways. Sequence-specific DNA binding and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding are two Gene Ontology (GO) categories connected to this gene. PAX6 is a significant paralog of this gene.

BioCapTM PAX5 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-5

Gene

PAX5

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

391

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

The gene PAX5 (Paired Box 5) codes for proteins. Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic, and Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic 3 are conditions linked to PAX5. Gene expression (transcription) and pre-replicative complex assembly are two of its associated pathways. DNA-binding transcription factor activity and DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific, are two Gene Ontology (GO) categories connected to this gene. PAX2 is a significant paralog of this gene.

BioCapTM PAX6 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-6

Gene

PAX6

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

422

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

The Pax gene family, which includes PAX6, is in charge of transporting the genetic material needed to produce the Pax-6 protein. It functions as a “master control” gene for the formation of certain neural and epidermal tissues, as well as other homologous structures that are typically derived from ectodermal tissues, including the eyes and other sensory organs.

BioCapTM PAX7 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-7

Gene

PAX7

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

505

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

Paired Box 7 (PAX7) is a gene that codes for proteins. Myopathy, Congenital, Progressive, With Scoliosis, and Rhabdomyosarcoma 2 are conditions linked to PAX7. Cell differentiation-expanded index, mesenchymal stem cells, and lineage-specific markers are some of the pathways that are linked to it. DNA-binding transcription factor activity and RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity are two Gene Ontology (GO) categories connected to this gene. PAX3 is a significant paralog of this gene.

BioCapTM PAX8 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-8

Gene

PAX8

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

450

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

Paired Box 8 (PAX8) is a gene that codes for proteins. Hypothyroidism, congenital nongoitrous, 2, and athyreosis are diseases linked to PAX8. DNA-binding transcription factor activity and RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding are two Gene Ontology (GO) categories associated with this gene. PAX2 is a significant paralog of this gene.

BioCapTM PAX9 mRNA

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Protein

Paired box protein Pax-9

Gene

PAX9

Status

UniProtKB reviewed (Swiss-Prot)

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Amino acids

341

Protein existence

Evidence at protein level

Hypodontia/oligodontia 3 are diseases linked to PAX9. Its associated mechanisms include Endoderm differentiation and Wnt/Hedgehog/Notch. RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding and DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific are two Gene Ontology (GO) categories associated with this gene. PAX1 is a significant paralog of this gene.